Abstract: Railways, waterways, highways, and aviation are the four most conventional modes of cargo transportation. There are competitions and complements among each mode in the entire social logistics process. With the improvement of China's economic scale and the upgrading of high-quality development model, the logistics industry is reflecting new development characteristics. The gradual development of multimodal transport will affect the development of different transport modes. This paper summarizes the development status of China's logistics industry, transportation infrastructure and freight equipment. From the perspective of cost, efficiency, flexibility and dependence on infrastructure, the characteristics of the four modes of transportation are compared and analyzed. Considering the relevant policies issued by China in recent years to guide industrial transformation and upgrading, it was identified that the current logistics structure of China, in which road freight is the absolute main force, is gradually changing during the process of industrial efficiency promotion. Also, based on the demand for truck products in the development of multimodal transport, the potential impact on road trucks is analyzed.

Key words: Logistics; Cargo transportation; Trucks; Multimodal transport; Transport mode

摘要： 铁路、水路、公路、航空是最为常规的四种货物运输方式，在整个社会物流过程中既 相互竞争又互为补充，随着我国经济规模提升和面向高质量发展模式的转型升级，物流业也 体现出新的发展特点，多式联运的逐步发展将影响到不同运输模式的发展。论文在总结我国 物流行业发展现状和交通运输基础设施与货运装备发展情况的基础上，从成本、效率、灵活 性、对基础设施依赖程度等维度对比分析了四种运输方式的特点，结合我国近年来出台的引 导产业转型升级的相关政策，识别到我国目前由公路货运作为绝对主力的物流结构在物流行 业降本增效的转型过程中将逐步改变，并基于多式联运发展对货车产品的需求，分析了对公 路货车的影响。

关键词: 物流；货物运输；货车；多式联运；运输模式