关键词: 波形弹簧；选型；预紧元件；安装空间；振动疲劳

Abstract: In automotive drive motors, wave springs serve as key preload components that can effectively absorb shocks, improve the noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) performance of electric drive systems, and mitigate mechanical overload caused by thermal deformation. However, there is currently no unified standard for their selection, and vibration tests indicate that wave springs in two electric drive products exhibit fatigue failure issues. To address this, the study adopts a research method combining simulation and experiment: first, conducting simulation analysis on the working stress of wave springs, then performing wave spring fatigue tests, and finally carrying out whole-machine vibration fatigue tests. Based on the test results, a fatigue limit determination method using the Goodman fatigue limit diagram is proposed. This method can directly judge whether wave springs will experience vibration fatigue failure under corresponding stress levels according to simulation stress results, providing an effective technical basis for their selection. The research can offer certain engineering practice references for improving motor reliability and extending service life.

Key words: wave spring; selection; preload element; installation space; vibration fatigue