基于事故再现的行人头地二次碰撞损伤机理分析

doi:10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.05.009

汽车实用技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (5): 50-55.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2023.05.009

• 设计研究 • 上一篇

基于事故再现的行人头地二次碰撞损伤机理分析

陈一凡，羊玢

南京工程学院汽车与轨道交通学院

出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2023-03-15
通讯作者: 陈一凡
作者简介:陈一凡（1997—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为汽车安全与人体损伤防护，E-mail:1371624889@qq.com。
基金资助:
江苏省自然科学基金项目（BK20201470，BK20191009）。

Analysis of the Secondary Collision Injury Mechanism of Pedestrian Head and Ground Based on the Reappearance of Accident

CHEN Yifan, YANG Bin

College of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Nanjing Institute of Technology

Online:2023-03-15 Published:2023-03-15
Contact: CHEN Yifan

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于多体动力学模型能够准确再现事故过程，获得头部落地时刻行人头部的碰撞参数，有限元分析方法能够准确分析行人头部的损伤情况。故文章结合多体动力学模型与有限元分析方法，采用事故再现的方法研究车辆行人碰撞事故中行人头部撞击地面的损伤机理，为行人保护和车辆外形改善提供理论依据。首先用 PC-Crash 再现汽车行人碰撞案例，仿真结果表明，多刚体模型能够准确地模拟事故现场，从而获得行人头部落地的速度和角度；接着建立了具有精细面部结构的人头有限元模型；最后将事故重建得到的碰撞参数作为边界条件，分析行人头部与地面的碰撞，确定颅内压力、von Mises 应力等生物力学参数。结果表明，行人头部撞击地面后，应力波会在颅骨内外传播，并在颅骨和脑组织中产生不同程度的应力集中，当应力超过一定限度时，则会引起不同程度的脑损伤。

关键词: 汽车-行人碰撞；多刚体模型；有限元模型；头部落地损伤；应力波

Abstract: Considering that the multi-body dynamics model can accurately reproduce the accident process and obtain the collision parameters of the pedestrian's head at the moment when the head hits the ground, the finite element analysis method can accurately analyze the injury of the pedestrian's head. Therefore, this paper combines the multi-body dynamics model with the finite element analysis method to study the injury mechanism of pedestrian's head hitting the ground in vehicle-pedestrian collision accidents by the method of accident reproduction, so as to provide a theoretical basis for pedestrian protection and vehicle shape improvement. Firstly, PC-Crash is used to reproduce the vehicle-pedestrian collision cases. The simulation results show that the multi-rigid body model can accurately simulate the accident scene, so as to obtain the landing speed and angle of the pedestrian's head. Secondly, the finite element model of human head with fine facial structure is established.Finally, the collision parameters obtained by accident reconstruction are used as boundary conditions to analyze the collision between the pedestrian's head and the ground, and the biomechanical parameters such as intracranial pressure and von Mises stress are determined. The results show that after the pedestrian's head hits the ground, the stress wave will propagate inside and outside the skull, and produce different degrees of stress concentration in the skull and brain tissue. When the stress exceeds a certain limit, it will cause different degrees of brain damage.

Key words: Vehicle-pedestrian collision; Multi-rigid body model; Finite element model; Falling head injury; Stress wave

陈一凡. 基于事故再现的行人头地二次碰撞损伤机理分析[J]. 汽车实用技术, 2022, 48(5): 50-55.

CHEN Yifan. Analysis of the Secondary Collision Injury Mechanism of Pedestrian Head and Ground Based on the Reappearance of Accident[J]. Automobile Applied Technology, 2022, 48(5): 50-55.

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基于事故再现的行人头地二次碰撞损伤机理分析

Analysis of the Secondary Collision Injury Mechanism of Pedestrian Head and Ground Based on the Reappearance of Accident

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