主办：陕西省汽车工程学会
ISSN 1671-7988  CN 61-1394/TH
创刊：1976年
汽车实用技术

汽车实用技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (9): 65-68.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.009.011

• 设计研究 • 上一篇    

基于 LS-DYNA 的吸能盒吸能机理与 截面倒角研究

周丹凤 1，张红军 1，吴昭阳 2   

  1. 1.宜宾凯翼汽车有限公司 汽车工程研究院；2.天府第七中学
  • 发布日期:2026-05-09
  • 通讯作者: 周丹凤
  • 作者简介:周丹凤（1984－），女，高级工程师，研究方向为碰撞安全性能

Study on Energy Absorption Mechanism and Section Chamfer of Crash Boxes Based on LS-DYNA

ZHOU Danfeng1 , ZHANG Hongjun1 , WU Zhaoyang2   

  1. 1.Automotive Engineering Research Institute, Yibin Kaiyi Automobile Company Limited; 2.Tianfu No.7 High School
  • Published:2026-05-09
  • Contact: ZHOU Danfeng

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摘要： 基于超折叠单元理论，采用 LS-DYNA 分别建立含 3 种倒角的四边形截面与 5 种多边 形截面吸能盒有限元模型。在轴向压溃工况下，对比分析其变形模式、比吸能及碰撞力效率 等性能指标。结果表明，倒角区域单位质量吸能效率为平板区域的 4 倍，增加截面对称倒角 数量可优化结构刚度分布，有效诱导结构发生稳定多模态屈曲并减小压溃波长。在此基础上 设计十字形截面吸能盒，其比吸能较 CASE1 方案提升约 118.86%，碰撞力效率保持在 56%以 上。该多轴对称截面可实现稳定渐进压溃，有效提高比吸能与载荷平稳性，对车身轻量化及 提升碰撞维保经济性有较大贡献。

关键词: 吸能盒；比吸能；截面倒角；轻量化

Abstract: Based on the super-folding element theory, finite element models of quadrilateral crosssection energy-absorbing boxes with three kinds of chamfers and five kinds of polygonal cross-section energy-absorbing boxes are established by using LS-DYNA. Under axial crushing conditions, the deformation mode, specific energy absorption, crash force efficiency and other performance indicators are compared and analyzed. The results show that the energy absorption efficiency per unit mass of the chamfered region is four times that of the flat region. Increasing the number of symmetrical chamfers on the cross-section can optimize the structural stiffness distribution, effectively induce stable multi-mode buckling of the structure and reduce the crushing wavelength. On this basis, a cruciform cross-section energy-absorbing box is designed, whose specific energy absorption is increased by approximately 118.86% compared with the CASE1 scheme, and the crash force efficiency remains above 56%. The multi-axis symmetric cross-section enables stable progressive crushing, effectively improves the specific energy absorption and load stability, and contributes greatly to vehicle body lightweight and the improvement of collision maintenance economy.

Key words: crash box; specific energy absorption; section chamfer; lightweight