关键词: 碰撞起火；试验设计；评价指标；子系统验证

Abstract: In the fire accidents of new energy vehicles after collisions, short circuit of high-voltage components is one of the important inducements, and relevant research is relatively insufficient compared with fire caused by battery pack damage. To improve the safety performance of new energy vehicles, this paper focuses on the fire problem caused by short circuit of high-voltage components. Taking the integrated power system as the research object, a design process and method for highvoltage components covering layout design, structure analysis and test verification is constructed. Through designing subsystem tests and establishing safety performance evaluation indicators, the causes of fire in high-voltage components are systematically analyzed and corresponding prevention and control countermeasures are proposed. Research results indicate that based on the constructed forward development and design process, the maximum collision load that the integrated power system of a specific vehicle model can withstand is determined to be 72.4 kN through simulation. Considering the safety factor, the crash worthiness index is set to 90 kN. Verified by subsystem tests and vehicle collision tests, the system shows no structural damage or functional failure after collision, meeting the electrical safety technical requirements. This process can provide technical support for the design of high-voltage components in vehicles, effectively improve the safety in real traffic accidents, and reduce the risk of short-circuit and fire.

Key words: collision-induced fire; test design; evaluation indicator; subsystem verification