主办：陕西省汽车工程学会
ISSN 1671-7988  CN 61-1394/TH
创刊：1976年
汽车实用技术

汽车实用技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (24): 1-8.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2022.024.001

• 新能源汽车 •    

某款小型新能源汽车冷却风扇仿生叶片 降噪仿真分析

李小梅 1，覃海明*2，黎 谦 1，常光宝 1，严 香1   

  1. 1.上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司，2.湖南湖大艾盛汽车技术开发有限公司
  • 出版日期:2022-12-30 发布日期:2022-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 覃海明
  • 作者简介:李小梅（1988—），女，工程师，研究方向为流体分析，E-mail:Xiaomei.Li@sgmw.com.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目（桂科 AA18242034）

Simulation Study on Noise Reduction of Bionic Blade for Cooling Fan of a New Energy Vehicle

LI Xiaomei1 , QIN Haiming*2 , LI Qian1 , CHANG Guangbao1 , YAN Xiang1   

  1. 1.SAIC GM Wuling Automobile Company Limited,2.Hunan Huda Aisheng Automobile Technology Development Company Limited
  • Online:2022-12-30 Published:2022-12-30
  • Contact: QIN Haiming

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摘要： 文章基于仿生设计的原理，对某型新能源汽车风扇结构进行了设计优化，在提升风扇 散热效率的同时大大降低了工作噪声。在前期工作中，采用大涡模拟获得原始风扇表面的速 度和压力脉动等信息，通过对比台架试验结果，验证了仿真结果的可靠性。参考鸟类翅膀飞 行静音的特性，对该风扇扇叶进行仿生学优化设计。对比原始风扇结构，所得到的仿生设计 方案在目标转速下实现了进风量增加 14.36%，总声压级降低 4.09 dB(A)的综合性能提升。此 外，该风扇的一阶声压级对比原始设计由 59.23 dB(A)降低到了 55.02 dB(A)，实现了 4.21 dB(A) 的噪声性能提升。在新能源汽车产业飞速发展的当下，文章对于机舱空间受限的小型新能源 汽车风扇设计提供了一套可行的解决方案。文章所采用的风扇噪声的数值模拟、试验验证、 优化设计的技术路线，对新能源汽车开发中日益凸显的风扇负荷增大及其噪声问题，具有很 强借鉴意义。

关键词: 新能源汽车；计算流体动力学（CFD）；仿生风扇；气动噪声；优化设计

Abstract: In this paper, we design the fan structure of a new energy vehicle based on the principle of bionic design for reducing noise and improving cooling efficiency. In our preliminary work, large eddy simulation was used to obtain information such as the speed and pressure pulsation of the original fan surface, and the reliability of the simulation results was verified by comparing the bench test results. With reference to the silent characteristics of bird wings, the fan blades arere-designed with bionics optimization. Compared with the original fan structure, the obtained bionic design scheme achieves a 14.36% increase in air intake and a 4.09 dB (A) reduction in total sound pressure level at the target speed. In addition, compared with the original design, the first-order sound pressure level of the fan has been reduced from 59.23 dB(A) to 55.02 dB(A), achieving a noise performance improvement of 4.21 dB(A). With the rapid development of the new energy automobile industry, this work provides a set of feasible solutions for designing the fan of small new energy automobile. The technical route of numerical simulation, experimental verification, and optimization design of fan noise adopted in this paper has significance for the increasingly prominent problems of fan load and noise in the development of new energy vehicles.

Key words: New energy vehicle; Computational fluid dynamics (CFD); Bionic fan; Aerodynamic noise; Optimization design