主办：陕西省汽车工程学会
ISSN 1671-7988  CN 61-1394/TH
创刊：1976年
汽车实用技术

汽车实用技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5): 39-44,54.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2026.005.008

• 设计研究 • 上一篇    

车身制造过程中零件运输变形分析与优化

姚晓春，邓继涛*   

  1. 上汽通用汽车有限公司 整车制造工程部
  • 发布日期:2026-03-11
  • 通讯作者: 邓继涛
  • 作者简介:姚晓春（1986－），男，高级工程师，研究方向为车身工艺 通信作者：邓继涛（1991－），男，硕士，高级工程师，研究方向为车身工艺

Analysis and Optimization of Part Transportation Deformation During Body Manufacturing Process

YAO Xiaochun, DENG Jitao*   

  1. Vehicle Manufacturing Engineering Department, SAIC General Motors Company Limited
  • Published:2026-03-11
  • Contact: DENG Jitao

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摘要： 制造过程中零件的运输变形问题直接影响到产品交付质量，目前针对运输变形问题的 研究主要集中于运输料架等疲劳分析中，针对车身零件运输变形问题在前期虚拟评估中研究 和应用较少。文章提出了在前期虚拟评估阶段，将有限元仿真方法应用于车身零件运输变形 分析中，可以在早期设计阶段识别零件运输变形造成的质量风险；同时，提出了改进零件放 件姿态、料架支撑点布置方案及产品设计方案等方法优化运输变形问题，并结合实际项目案 例对分析方法进行了验证。结果表明，与优化前相比，零件的运输变形量或应力减少了 50% 以上，从而为零件和运输料架设计提供理论指导，缩短产品或料架验证周期，降低制造成 本。

关键词: 车身；运输变形；有限元仿真方法

Abstract: The transportation deformation issue of parts during manufacturing process directly affects product quality. Currently, the research of transportation deformation issue mainly focuses on fatigue analysis of transportation racks, while little research and application find on the transportation deformation issue of body parts in the early stage of virtual assessment. In this article, finite element simulation method is proposed to apply to the analysis of transportation deformation of body parts in the early virtual assessment stage. And the quality risk caused by the deformation of the parts during the early stage of the design can be identified. At the same time, methods such as modifying part placement posture, material rack locator layout and product design proposal proposed to optimize transportation deformation issue. Combined with actual project cases, the effectiveness of the analysis method. The results indicate that, compared with the pre-optimization state, the transportation deformation or stress level of the parts has been reduced by more than 50%. This provides theoretical guidance for the design of both parts and transportation racks, shortens the product or rack verification cycle, and reduces manufacturing costs.

Key words: body; transportation deformation; finite element simulation method