关键词: 汽车安全；偏置碰撞；女性假人；小腿损伤；参数优化；Euro NCAP 2026

Abstract: In response to the challenges posed by the updated European new car assessment programme 2026 rating protocol (Euro NCAP 2026), which replaces the Hybrid III 50th male dummy with the Hybrid III 5th female dummy in the front passenger seat for the 50% overlap moving progressive deformable barrier (MPDB) test and introduces lower leg injury assessment, this paper investigates the exceeding tibia index (TI) of the female dummy in a new vehicle model. High-speed video and biomechanical data analysis identified the primary cause as excessive upward rotation of the lower leg and its subsequent rigid impact with the lower dashboard. To suppress this motion, an optimization strategy is proposed by modifying the front footwell carpet block to increase its inclination angle. The original 40°design is adjusted to 43°and 45°for comparative testing. The results demonstrate that as the carpet inclination angle increased, the upward motion of the dummy's lower leg is effectively suppressed, leading to a significant reduction in lower leg bending moments and the tibia index. The 45°configuration proved optimal, reducing the exceeding tibia index in the right lower tibia from 1.35 to 0.29, a decrease of 78.5%, thus meeting regulatory requirements. This study confirmes that increasing the carpet inclination angle is an effective and feasible method for mitigating lower leg injury, and provides a practical reference for vehicle safety development in complying with the new regulation.

Key words: vehicle safety; offset collision; female dummy; lower leg injury; parameter optimization; Euro NCAP 2026