关键词: IGBT 模块；散热器；新型梯度式翅针；散热性能；流固耦合

Abstract: As the core control unit of the power system of new energy electric vehicles, the heat dissipation efficiency of the power semiconductor devices in the motor controller directly affects the reliability of the system. Due to the compact structure and limited space of the device, traditional heat dissipation solutions are difficult to meet the requirements of efficient heat dissipation. This study proposes a novel gradient wing needle structure optimization scheme based on FLUENT, constructs a three-dimensional coupling model for fluid structure coupling simulation, and focuses on analyzing the influence mechanism of radiator structural parameters on temperature field distribution. The simulation results show that the optimized heat dissipation structure reduces the peak temperature of the device to 110.1 ℃, a decrease of 2.8% compared to the traditional configuration, and improves temperature uniformity by 12.3%. To verify the effectiveness of the model, a fluid structure coupling testing platform is built for experiments, and the deviation between the measured values and the simulation results is controlled within 3%. Research has confirmed that the gradient fin needle structure can effectively reduce interface contact thermal resistance, significantly improve heat dissipation performance, and provide an effective solution for improving the reliability of power devices.

Key words: IGBT module; heat sink; new gradient wing needle; heat dissipation performance; fluid solid coupling