关键词: 新能源汽车测试；电磁兼容优化；三电系统测试；实验室设计

Abstract: This study proposes a systematic electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design optimization methodology for multi-device collaborative testing in new energy laboratories. By categorizing laboratory equipment types and their EMC characteristics, the research identifies common-mode (CM)/differential-mode (DM) interference sources and propagation paths, establishes typical test setups, and utilizes spectrum analyzers with near-field probes to locate interference sources. Quantitative assessments of conducted interference and radiated emissions are conducted. Key improvements include: increasing the spacing between high-voltage and sensitive equipment, upgrading controller area network (CAN) bus anti-interference capabilities, and standardizing grounding methods. Post-optimization improvements demonstrate reduced communication error frame rates, lower equipment failure rates, and decreased conducted CM interference amplitudes. The study establishes a standardized EMC design workflow encompassing layout planning, harness selection, and validation testing. This methodology provides a replicable framework for EMC design in new energy powertrain, battery, and thermal management laboratories, enhancing testing efficiency and supporting reliability advancements in the new energy vehicle industry chain.

Key words: new energy vehicle testing; electromagnetic compatibility optimization; three-electric system testing; laboratory design