主办：陕西省汽车工程学会
ISSN 1671-7988  CN 61-1394/TH
创刊：1976年
汽车实用技术

汽车实用技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (13): 42-48.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.013.008

• 设计研究 • 上一篇    

基于微观修形的减速器一级齿轮副降振研究

梁九龙，吴涛*   

  1. 西华大学 汽车与交通学院
  • 发布日期:2025-07-11
  • 通讯作者: 吴涛
  • 作者简介:梁九龙（2000－），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为电驱动桥 NVH 分析优化; 通信作者：吴涛（1969－），男，硕士，副教授，研究方向为汽车底盘传动系统设计和车身结构设计
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技厅重点研发项目（2023YFG0068）

Research on Vibration Reduction of First-Stage Gear Pair of Reducer Based on Microscopic Modification

LIANG Jiulong, WU Tao*   

  1. School of Automobile and Transportation, Xihua University
  • Published:2025-07-11
  • Contact: WU Tao

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摘要： 车用减速器不仅可以起到减速增扭的作用，还能保障传动的平稳性。文章首先利用 Romax 软件搭建了电动汽车三级减速器的刚柔耦合模型，系统分析了一级减速齿轮副的传递 误差、齿面单位长度载荷以及系统轴承座处的振动响应，获取了该一级减速齿轮副的振动特 性。其次以最小化传递误差峰值和齿面最大单位长度载荷为优化目标，采用遗传算法对齿轮 的微观修形参数进行优化求解。最后基于寻优后的微观修形参数进行减速器一级齿轮副传动 平稳性分析。结果表明，经过齿轮微观修形后，一级减速齿轮副传递误差峰值降低 32.9%， 最大单位长度载荷降低 9.7%，输入轴轴承处振动加速度峰值降低 17.3%，有效降低了齿轮副 的传动激励，为后续的噪声、振动及声振粗糙度（NVH）研究提供了基础。

关键词: 车用减速器；振动响应；遗传算法；微观修形；Romax 软件

Abstract: The vehicle reducers not only play a role in reducing speed and increasing torque, but also ensure the smoothness of transmission. Firstly, the article uses Romax software to build a rigidflexible coupling model of the three-stage reducer of electric vehicles. It systematically analyzes the transmission error of the first-stage reduction gear pair, the load per unit length of the tooth surface, and the vibration response at the system bearing housing, and obtains the vibration characteristics of this first-stage reduction gear pair. Secondly, with the optimization goals of minimizing the peak value of transmission error and the maximum unit length load on the tooth surface, the genetic algorithm is adopted to optimize and solve the microscopic modification parameters of the gears. Finally, the transmission stability of the first-stage gear pair of the reducer is analyzed based on the optimized microscopic modification parameters. The results show that after the microscopic modification of the gears, the peak value of the transmission error of the first-stage reduction gear pair is reduced by 32.9%, the maximum load per unit length is reduced by 9.7%, and the peak value of the vibration acceleration at the input shaft bearing is reduced by 17.3%. This effectively reduces the transmission excitation of the gear pair and provides a basis for the subsequent research on noise, vibration and harshness (NVH).

Key words: vehicle reducer; vibration response; genetic algorithms; microscopic modification; Romax software