主办：陕西省汽车工程学会
ISSN 1671-7988  CN 61-1394/TH
创刊：1976年
汽车实用技术

汽车实用技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (13): 25-29.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.013.005

• 新能源汽车 • 上一篇    

电动汽车电池包高压继电器噪声优化

李斌，汤桃峰*，罗琦   

  1. 江铃汽车股份有限公司
  • 发布日期:2025-07-11
  • 通讯作者: 汤桃峰
  • 作者简介:李斌（1986－），男，硕士，工程师，研究方向为动力电池 通信作者：汤桃峰（1984－），男，硕士，工程师，研究方向为动力电池

Noise Optimization of High-Voltage Relays in Electric Vehicle Battery Packs

LI Bin, TANG Taofeng* , LUO Qi   

  1. Jiangling Motors Company Limited
  • Published:2025-07-11
  • Contact: TANG Taofeng

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摘要： 针对新能源混动、纯电车型动力电池包配电盒（BDU）内高压继电器存在上下电噪声 大的问题，文章通过在半消声室采用朗德声采集器测试不同措施下电池包高压继电器的噪声， 得到高压继电器噪声的声压级（A 计权）、响度数据。通过对比发现，采用卧式继电器可以降 低电池包上下电噪声 2～6 dB(A)、采用 BDU 减振垫可以降低噪声 1～3 dB(A)，响度降低 1～ 3 sone；优化后的 BDU 减振垫可以降低噪声 1～5 dB(A)，响度降低 3～7 sone；包裹吸音棉可 以降低噪声 1～5 dB(A)，响度降低 1～3 sone；优化电池包结构可以降低噪声 7～10 dB(A)， 响度降低 50%，约 15 sone。实验证明，电池包上下电噪声主要以结构传播为主，卧式继电器 相比立式噪声表现更好，优化减振垫设计和优化电池包结构模态可以有效降低此噪声值。

关键词: 动力电池；继电器；噪声；BDU

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of large power supply and discharge noise of high-voltage relays in the power battery distribution unit (BDU) of new energy hybrid and pure electric vehicle models, this article tests the noise of high-voltage relays in the battery pack under different measures by using the Lond sound collector in the semi-anechoic chamber, and obtains the sound pressure level (Aweighted) and loudness data of the high-voltage relay noise. Through comparison, it is found that the use of horizontal relays can reduce the noise of power on and off the battery pack by 2 to 6 dB(A), and the use of BDU vibration damping pads can reduce the noise by 1 to 3 dB(A) and the loudness by 1 to 3 sone. The optimized BDU vibration damping pad can reduce noise by 1 to 5 dB(A) and loudness by 3 to 7 sone. Wrapping with sound-absorbing cotton can reduce noise by 1 to 5 dB(A) and loudness by 1 to 3 sone. Optimizing the battery pack structure can reduce noise by 7 to 10 dB(A) and loudness by 50%, approximately 15 sone. Experiments have proved that the noise from the power-on and power-on of the battery pack is mainly transmitted through the structure. The horizontal relay performs better in terms of noise compared to the vertical one. Optimizing the design of the vibration damping pad and the structural mode of the battery pack can effectively reduce this noise value.

Key words: power battery; relay; noise; BDU