关键词: 电动汽车；低速制动；纵向窜动；抗举升特性

Abstract: Due to the characteristics of large mass and low center of gravity, electric vehicles are more prone to longitudinal run-out during low-speed braking compared with traditional fuel vehicles. Longitudinal movement of vehicles affects vehicle comfort, reduces the subjective score of vehicles, and is prone to cause customer complaints. The article analyzes the mechanism of this phenomenon through real vehicle test data and proposes that reducing the anti-lift characteristics of the rear suspension is the key to solving this problem. Based on this, the ADAMS vehicle dynamics model is established. Through the simulation analysis of different schemes, it is concluded that when the hard point design of the suspension simultaneously meets the anti-nod rate of the front suspension ≤48% and the anti-lift rate of the rear suspension ≤62%. The longitudinal run-out of the vehicle during low-speed braking can be significantly improved, and this conclusion has been verified in the development of the next-generation vehicle models. The scheme proposes in this study can provide a reference for engineers when solving such problems and enhance the product strength of the developed vehicle models.

Key words: electric vehicle; low-speed braking; longitudinal movement; anti-lift characteristics