主办：陕西省汽车工程学会
ISSN 1671-7988  CN 61-1394/TH
创刊：1976年
汽车实用技术

汽车实用技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (6): 22-27.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.006.004

• 新能源汽车 • 上一篇    

面向智能化的新能源汽车电机控制系统设计

郝玉莲   

  1. 青岛市技师学院
  • 发布日期:2025-03-26
  • 通讯作者: 郝玉莲
  • 作者简介:郝玉莲（1980－），女，高级讲师，研究方向为汽车维修、汽车专业教学

Design Research on Motor Control Systems for Intelligent New Energy Vehicle

HAO Yulian   

  1. Qingdao Technicians College
  • Published:2025-03-26
  • Contact: HAO Yulian

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摘要： 针对智能化新能源汽车中永磁同步电机（PMSM）的应用需求，文章研究了一种高效、 低成本且可靠的电机控制系统设计方案，通过分析电机控制器的技术要求，设计了基于高压 薄膜电容器、绝缘栅双极型晶体管（IGBT）模块、隔离电源及电流电压检测模块的模块化硬 件架构。该设计采用模块化方法，不仅确保了系统的高效能，还有效降低了成本并提升了整 体可靠性。实验测试结果表明，所设计的控制器在额定功率下的效率达到 98.05%，电机效率 为 94.93%；在最大功率下，控制器效率达到 95.13%，超越设计峰值功率。与传统控制器相比， 新型控制器在体积上减少了 40%，成本降低了 15%，功率输出提升了 4.8%。研究结果表明， 该控制器设计方案能够较好地满足新能源汽车对电机控制系统在高效能、低成本和高可靠性 方面的要求。

关键词: 电机控制系统；PMSM；新能源汽车；效率测试；低成本

Abstract: Addressing the application demands of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) in intelligent new energy vehicle, a high-efficiency, low-cost, and reliable motor control system design is investigated in this paper. By analyzing technical requirements of motor controller, a modular hardware architecture incorporating high-voltage film capacitors, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) modules, isolated power supplies, and current-voltage detection modules is developed. The design adopts a modular method, which not only ensures the high efficiency of the system, but also effectively reduces the cost and improves the overall reliability. Experimental results demonstrate that the designed controller achieves 98.05% efficiency at rated power and 94.93% motor efficiency; at maximum power, controller efficiency reaches 95.13%, surpassing the design peak power. Compared to traditional controllers, the new controller reduces volume by 40%, lowers costs by 15%, and increases power output by 4.8%. The results show that the proposed controller design effectively fulfills the high-efficiency, low-cost, and high-reliability requirements for motor control systems in new energy vehicle.

Key words: motor control system; PMSM; new energy vehicle; efficiency test; low-cost