基于故障树的车载氢系统泄露分析与风险评价

doi:10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.005.001

汽车实用技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 1-8.DOI: 10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2024.005.001

• 新能源汽车 •

基于故障树的车载氢系统泄露分析与风险评价

刘光辉 1,3，王星 2,3，胡辰树 1,3，王桂云 1，孟子厚 1

1.中汽数据有限公司；2.中汽科技（北京）有限公司；3.中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司

发布日期:2024-03-14
通讯作者: 刘光辉
作者简介:刘光辉（1984－），男，硕士，工程师，研究方向为氢安全，E-mail:liuguanghui10@163.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFB4001004）。

Leakage Analysis and Risk Assessment of on-board Hydrogen System Based on Fault Tree

LIU Guanghui1,3 , WANG Xing2,3, HU Chenshu1,3 , WANG Guiyun1 , MENG Zihou1

1.China Automotive Data Company Limited; 2.China Automotive Technology (Beijing) Company Limited; 3.China Automotive Technology and Research Center Company Limited

Published:2024-03-14
Contact: LIU Guanghui

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氢气具有易泄漏、点火能小、易发生燃爆风险等特点，极易引发氢安全事故。为探索防范与控制燃料电池车载氢系统泄漏最佳途径，提升燃料电池汽车安全运营水平，文章运用故障树分析模型，对车载氢系统泄漏的各种可能路径进行了定性与定量分析。结果表明，至少存在 22 种导致车载氢系统泄漏的可能路径，氢泄漏发生的可能性较高，但氢泄漏后产生氢气着火爆炸的风险处于可接受区间。在氢气燃爆后果严重性难以避免的情况下，降低车载氢系统泄漏的可能性，强化预防与控制氢泄漏的安全应对措施，从而控制氢安全风险发生。

关键词: 氢泄漏；车载氢系统；故障树分析；风险评价

Abstract: Hydrogen has the characteristics of easy leakage, low ignition energy, and high risk of ignition and explosion, which can easily lead to hydrogen safety accidents. In order to explore the best way to prevent and control the leakage of fuel cell on-board hydrogen system and improve the safe operation level of fuel cell vehicles, this paper uses the fault tree analysis model to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze various possible paths of on-board hydrogen system leakage. The results indicate that there are at least 22 possible paths leading to leakage in the onboard hydrogen system, and the possibility of hydrogen leakage is not low. However, the risk of hydrogen ignition and explosion after hydrogen leakage is within an acceptable range. In situations where the severity of hydrogen explosion consequences is difficult to avoid, reduce the possibility of hydrogen system leakage in the vehicle, strengthen safety measures to prevent and control hydrogen leakage, and thus control the occurrence of hydrogen safety risks.

Key words: Hydrogen leakage; On-board hydrogen system; Fault tree analysis; Risk assessment

刘光辉. 基于故障树的车载氢系统泄露分析与风险评价[J]. 汽车实用技术, 2024, 49(5): 1-8.

LIU Guanghui. Leakage Analysis and Risk Assessment of on-board Hydrogen System Based on Fault Tree[J]. Automobile Applied Technology, 2024, 49(5): 1-8.

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基于故障树的车载氢系统泄露分析与风险评价

Leakage Analysis and Risk Assessment of on-board Hydrogen System Based on Fault Tree

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