关键词: 汽车能量流理论；纯电动汽车；行驶工况；能量回收；能耗极值

Abstract: In the analysis of braking energy recovery, the control strategy of braking energy recovery and testing of braking energy recovery are mostly studied, but the theoretical limits of vehicle energy consumption, braking energy recovery and effective energy recovery of the vehicle are not evaluated. Based on the theory of vehicle energy flow, the energy flow path of battery electric vehicle is sorted out, and the interrelationships between factors such as vehicle driving resistance, vehicle inertia potential energy, braking energy recovery, and motor efficiency in energy consumption calculation are sorted out, and the interrelationships are transformed into a calculation model to solve the theoretical limit values of energy consumption, braking energy recovery rate, and effective energy recovery rate of the entire vehicle under working conditions. The actual measurement results of a battery electric box transport vehicle indicate that the theoretical limit values of the energy consumption and effective energy recovery rate of the entire vehicle are within 2% of the actual deviation, and the limit values of the braking energy recovery rate are within 6% of the actual deviation. The calculation model is relatively accurate, and this provides a theoretical basis for reducing vehicle energy consumption, optimizing brake energy recovery control strategies, and balancing passenger comfort with brake energy recovery intensity.

Key words: Vehicle energy flow theory; Battery electric vehicle; Operating conditions; Energy recovery; Extreme energy consumption