关键词: 电动汽车；充电站；简化模型；非线性规划

Abstract: In order to seek for the optimal planning of the construction layout of charging stations, the fixed cost, variable cost, operating cost of charging stations and time cost of consumers are introduced under the constraints of traffic flow, charging distance, charging time and permeability, etc., and the minimum sum of costs is established as the objective function. With the number of charging stations in a planned area as a variable and the small area as a square, the simplified modelof charging demand distance and the number of charging stations is derived. And then the nonlinear polynomial mathematical equation between the cost of charging stations and the number of charging stations is obtained. According to the actual circumstance of Nanchang high-tech zone of geographical environment, four different charging station construction schemes can be planning out based on the expert interview to determine the weight of sub regions by three dimensions of the vehicle density, population density and economic activity. Through the computer simulation of vehicle charging random distribution in the planning area, different fixed costs of charging station construction scheme of minimum social cost can be calculated using above model, that is when the charging station construction as the six for the optimal solution. The results are helpful to improve the traffic environment and enhance the efficiency of urban traffic operation.

Key words: Electric vehicle; Charging station; Simplified model; Nonlinear programming