关键词: 冷却系统；CFD 仿真分析；优化方案；冷却性能影响

Abstract: To investigate the influence of key components of the heavy-duty vehicle engine cooling system on its cooling performance, a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulation method is adopted. Based on three-dimensional modeling, a systematic analysis is conducted on critical parameters such as radiator air-side resistance, fan blade number, and fan speed ratio. The results indicate that the radiator air-side resistance is significantly and linearly negatively correlated with the engine's allowable ambient temperature,lower resistance allows the engine to withstand higher ambient temperatures. An increase in the fan speed ratio notably enhances the air velocity across the radiator surface, thereby raising the allowable ambient temperature in a linear fashion. Increasing the number of fan blades can improve cooling performance within a certain range. The results of the full vehicle thermal balance tests are consistent with the simulation trends, fully validating the findings and providing a theoretical basis for forward design and optimization of the cooling system.

Key words: cooling system; CFD analysis; optimizationplan; impact on cooling performance