关键词: 公交客流特征；长线路拆分；乘客站立密度；非直线系数

Abstract: Reasonable bus routes can not only improve the travel convenience of passengers, but also improve the efficiency of urban traffic. Addressing issues such as long operation times, excessive passenger flow at some stops, and redundant routes in Lanzhou's long public transit lines, this paper uses Lanzhou's K102 long-route bus as an example. It first studies the characteristics of passenger flow distribution along long routes from the perspectives of passenger flow and standing density, identifying the causes of congestion. Secondly, based on the unimodal distribution of passenger flow on the K102 route, an optimization plan is proposed. For K102A, the western split point is Dongli Outlet Square station, resulting in a 54.7% reduction in the average passenger standing density after splitting. For K102B, the eastern split point is West Station Intersection, leading to a 59.8% reduction in average passenger standing density after splitting. After the splits, the route's non-linearity coefficient decreased from 1.6 to 1.35 and 1.30, respectively. This improvement addresses issues of long operation times and excessive passenger flow at certain stops, thereby enhancing the operational efficiency of the bus route.

Key words: bus passenger flow characteristics; long line splitting; passenger standing density; nonlinear coefficient