关键词: 电动汽车；充换电设施选址；多目标优化；NSGA-II 算法；GPS 轨迹数据

Abstract: China has entered a stage of rapid development of electric vehicles, and the construction of charging and switching facilities plays a crucial role in the popularization of electric vehicles. In this paper, charging is categorized into slow charging station, fast charging station, and power exchange station according to the charging duration, and the siting problem of these three types of charging stations in urban areas is studied. Based on the global positioning system (GPS) trajectory data of social vehicles in a district of Xi'an, an arithmetic example is analyzed, and then combined with the NSGA-II algorithm to solve the problem. Six typical solutions are selected for scenario analysis, and the results show that: the construction cost, user convenience and average utilization rate cannot be optimized at the same time; if the decision maker prefers one of the indexes, the other two indexes decrease; if the decision maker takes the compromise solution, all three indexes decrease relative to the optimal value. Finally, based on the results of the analysis, relevant suggestions are provided for the construction of charging and switching facilities.

Key words: Electric vehicle; Charging and switching station location; Multi-objective optimization;NSGA-II algorithm; GPS trajectory data