关键词: 汽车零部件；异响；有限元分析；仪表台

Abstract: The article aims to develop an early prediction method based on a finite element model to effectively identify the risk of abnormal noise in the dashboard, a key interior component, during the 3D data stage of automotive development. Firstly, a refined finite element mesh model of the dashboard is constructed based on the 3D computer-aided design (CAD) model. Secondly, the real vehicle boundary constraints and dynamic excitation loads under specific abnormal noise road spectra are applied. Thirdly, the direct frequency response method is used to calculate the relative vibration displacement response of the sensitive areas inside the dashboard under this excitation. Finally, the dynamic relative displacement amplitude is compared with the static design clearance at the corresponding position to assess the possibility of impact-induced abnormal noise. The method proposed in this article significantly shortens the development cycle of dashboard impact-induced abnormal noise and provides a digital support tool for improving the overall vehicle quality and development efficiency.

Key words: vehicle components; abnormal noise; finite element analysis; instrument panel