关键词: 乘员舱；一维模型；热负荷；隔热性能；降温性能

Abstract: Under high-temperature exposure conditions, the thermal load of the cabin increases significantly, leading to elevated air conditioning cooling energy consumption and subsequently impacting the vehicle's high-temperature driving range. Therefore, this study takes a specific vehicle model as the research object. Through detailed analysis of the cabin heat transfer paths, a high-precision thermal model of the cabin based on AMESim was developed. This study aims to reveal the impact laws of insulation schemes on the cabin's thermal load, the net heat gain and temperature rise of key components and air, as well as the air cooling rate. The results indicate that the glass contributes significantly to cabin heat, accounting for 49.05% of the heat transfer into the vehicle. With silvered glass, the windshield transmitted heat is reduced by 45.9%. In addition, the combined heat insulation schemes can significantly reduce the heat transfer in the car, reduce the maximum temperature of the components by 16.1 ℃, and reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning by 0.32 kWh when the temperature drops to 26 ℃. These results provide theoretical basis and technical support for the optimization of thermal management of the crew cabin.

Key words: cabin; one-dimensional model; thermal load; thermal insulation performance; cooling performance