基于发光细菌的车载紫外杀菌效果
可视化检测研究

doi:10.16638/j.cnki.1671-7988.2025.020.021

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 车载紫外杀菌凭借高效杀菌、智能化消毒等核心优势，已逐步成为高端车型及健康座舱的核心配置。该研究以汽车紫外杀菌装置为核心研究对象，采用单因素分析法，系统探究不同紫外发射功率（10、20、30 W）与照射时间（2、5、10 min）对汽车扶手箱表面细菌的灭活影响，同时，引入经基因工程改造的大肠杆菌 MC4100/pTGM（含绿色荧光蛋白基因）作为指示菌，通过盐酸四环素诱导其表达荧光蛋白，构建车载紫外杀菌效果的可视化检测体系。结果表明，车载紫外辐射可显著降低扶手箱表面细菌的荧光强度与活菌浓度，且细菌灭活率随紫外发射功率提升、照射时间延长呈明显上升趋势。当紫外发射功率为 30 W 且照射时间达 10 min 时，扶手箱表面的大肠杆菌实现 100%灭活。进一步分析表明，细菌荧光强度与活菌浓度间存在高度线性相关关系（R 2 =0.99），充分验证了该研究采用的可视化检测方法具有良好的准确性与可行性。综上，该研究不仅明确了车载紫外杀菌装置的关键参数（功率、时间）对扶手箱细菌灭活的影响规律，更为车载紫外杀菌效果的原位评估提供了一种灵敏、低成本且可视化的技术方案，可为健康座舱的技术优化与标准制定提供参考。

关键词: 车载紫外杀菌；可视化；发光细菌；荧光强度；灭活率

Abstract: Vehicle-mounted UV sterilization, with core advantages such as high-efficiency sterilization and intelligent disinfection, is gradually becoming a core configuration for high-end vehicle models and healthy vehicle cabins. This study takes vehicle-mounted UV sterilization devices as the core research object, adopts the single-factor analysis method, and systematically explores the inactivation effect of different UV emission powers (10, 20, 30 W) and irradiation durations (2, 5, 10 min) on bacteria on the surface of car armrest boxes. Meanwhile, it introduces genetically engineered Escherichia coli MC4100/pTGM (containing green fluorescent protein gene) as the indicator bacterium, induces the expression of fluorescent protein through tetracycline hydrochloride, and constructs a visual detection system for the sterilization effect of vehicle-mounted UV. Results show that vehicle-mounted UV radiation can significantly reduce the fluorescent intensity and viable bacteria concentration of bacteria on the surface of armrest boxes, and the bacterial inactivation rate shows an obvious upward trend with the increase of UV emission power and irradiation duration. When the UV emission power is 30 W and the irradiation duration reaches 10 min, the Escherichia coli on the surface of armrest boxes achieves 100% inactivation. Further analysis indicates that there is a highly linear correlation between bacterial fluorescent intensity and viable bacteria concentration (R 2 =0.99), which fully verifies that the visual detection method adopted in this study has good accuracy and feasibility. In conclusion, this study not only clarifies the influence law of key parameters (power, duration) of vehicle-mounted UV sterilization devices on the inactivation of bacteria in armrest boxes, but also provides a sensitive, low-cost and visual technical scheme for the in-situ evaluation of vehicle-mounted UV sterilization effect, which can provide references for the technical optimization and standard formulation of healthy vehicle cabins.

Key words: vehicle-mounted UV sterilization; visualization; luminescent bacteria; fluorescence intensity; inactivation rate

朱振宇 1，庄梦梦 1，刘庆龙 2. 基于发光细菌的车载紫外杀菌效果可视化检测研究[J]. 汽车实用技术, 2025, 50(20): 112-119.

ZHU Zhenyu 1 , ZHUANG Mengmeng1 , LIU Qinglong3. Study on Visual Detection of Vehicle-mounted UV Sterilization Effect Based on Luminescent Bacteria[J]. Automobile Applied Technology, 2025, 50(20): 112-119.

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