关键词: 电池热管理；分层集总参数；Simulink 仿真

Abstract: The thermal management of lithium-ion batteries requires high-fidelity yet computationally efficient temperature field simulations, a balance that is difficult to achieve. To address this, a hierarchical lumped-parameter thermal network model is proposed and a battery pack simulation system with series cooling and hierarchical heat generation is developed in a Simulink environment. This model conceptualizes the battery pack as three thermally series-connected modules, with each cell discretized into three distinct nodes, thereby explicitly simulating coolant temperature rise and internal cell temperature stratification. Results confirm that the model maintains high computational efficiency while accurately replicating the axial and vertical temperature gradients under dynamic conditions, establishing its utility for thermal system design and real-time state estimation.

Key words: battery thermal management; hierarchical lumped-parameter; Simulink simulation