关键词: 集成式车载网关；车载电子控制单元；OTA；HTTPS；UDS

Abstract: With the increasing complexity of intelligent vehicle electronic and electrical architectures, full lifecycle management of vehicle electronic control components faces multiple challenges: Traditional on-site firmware flashing solutions relying on diagnostic tools suffer from high manual dependency and low operational efficiency, while existing remote over-the-air (OTA) technologies are constrained by hardware redundancy caused by decentralized deployment of in-vehicle communication modules and insufficient protocol transmission efficiency. This study proposes an telematics gateway (TGW) architecture that combines the functionalities of traditional T-BOX (Telematics Box) and in-vehicle gateway. The architecture eliminates hardware redundancy through module integration at the hardware layer, ensures data security during firmware downloads via hypertext transfer protocol secure (HTTPS) encrypted transmission at the external network protocol layer, and employs a self-developed unified diagnostic service (UDS) protocol stack compliant with ISO 14229 standards at the internal network protocol layer, featuring autonomous controllability. Innovatively, this architecture achieves centralized remote master-controlled firmware flashing management for all vehicle electronic control unit (ECU). Testing results demonstrated a 32% improvement in communication efficiency compared to the discrete solution, and the gateway's message forwarding throughput has increased to 2.1 Gbps. The research outcomes have effectively addressed issues of resource redundancy, security risks, and decentralized management in vehicle system OTA upgrades, providing an efficient and reliable solution for full lifecycle software management in intelligent connected vehicles.

Key words: integrated telematics box and gateway; vehicle electronic control unit; OTA; HTTPS; UDS