关键词: 电动汽车；双电机四驱；双速变速器；能源管理；能耗

Abstract: With the increasingly severe energy and environmental issues, the advantages of electric vehicles (EV) as a sustainable mode of transportation have become increasingly prominent, and they have become an important part of the future transportation system. In response to the challenges of electric vehicles in terms of range and power performance, this article proposes a dual-motor four-wheel drive configuration equipped with a single two-speed transmission to optimize energy utilization efficiency and enhance power performance. By analyzing different driving conditions, this article designs an energy management strategy based on instantaneous optimization, achieving efficient torque distribution and shift control of the front and rear motors. The transmission ratio of the two-speed transmission is optimized by using the genetic algorithm, and finally the best performance of the vehicle under different driving cycles is achieved. The simulation results further prove the practicability of this scheme. The results show that compared with the traditional dual-motor configuration with fixed transmission ratio and variable transmission ratio, the dual-speed transmission can significantly reduce energy consumption, reducing energy consumption by 9.13% and 11.04% respectively under the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC) and the urban dynamometer driving schedule (UDDS). However, the effect is relatively small under the conditions of expressways. This research can provide new ideas for the design of the transmission system of electric vehicles.

Key words: electric vehicles; dual-motor four-wheel drive; two-speed transmission; energy management; energy consumption