关键词: 汽车座椅；鞭打性能；递进式优化；颈部防护；C-NCAP

Abstract: Aiming at the insufficient initial performance of the front seats of a certain vehicle model in the whiplash test of the 2024 version of the China New Car Assessment Program (C-NCAP), this study proposes a data-driven progressive optimization method based on the whiplash injury mechanism and the key path analysis of "geometry–stiffness–interaction". Through a three-stage iterative design of "geometric parameter optimization–backrest stiffness reconstruction-composite structure collaboration (introduction of expanded polypropylene energy-absorbing structure)", the system regulates the head restraint backset, backrest stiffness distribution and the matching of energy-absorbing structures. Physical test results show that the total score of seat whiplash performance increases from 1.85 to 4.48, the upper neck bending moment decreases from 41.64 Nm to 8.31 Nm, and the neck injury criterion (NIC) as well as other key load indicators are significantly improved. The study verifies the effectiveness of the systems engineering method of "mechanism guidance–path collaboration–test verification", and provides a technically practical reference path for the optimization of automotive seat whiplash protection performance.

Key words: automotive seat; whiplash performance; progressive optimization; neck protection; C-NCAP